When Does Medicare Coverage Begin?
- Many people start getting Medicare benefits at age 65, either automatically or by enrolling. Some may get Medicare before they reach age 65, and some people may get Part A for free when they’re spouse reaches age 62. Learn more about the complex rules of Medicare.
Some people automatically get Medicare at age 65, but those numbers have declined as the Medicare and Social Security ages have continued to drift apart.
Most people who automatically get Medicare at age 65 do so because they have been receiving Social Security benefits for at least four months before turning 65. Traditionally, Medicare premiums are deducted from your Social Security check. For the longest time, you could retire with full Social Security benefits at 65 and start on Medicare at the same time.
You are still automatically enrolled in Medicare Part A and Part B at 65 if you’re drawing Social Security, but not as many people draw Social Security that early these days because of changes to the eligibility age for full Social Security benefits.
In 2000, the Social Security Amendments of 1983 began pushing back the standard age for full Social Security benefits. The progressive changes are nearing their conclusion: Beginning in 2022, the standard age for full benefits will be 67 for anyone born after 1960.
Besides the Medicare eligibility age of 65, what remains unchanged is that you can opt to begin drawing partial Social Security benefits as early as age 62. So, if you opt for accepting partial Social Security benefits before age 65, you are automatically enrolled in Medicare.
A smaller group of people also automatically get Medicare at age 65: people who receive Railroad Board benefits for at least four months before 65.
If you are automatically enrolled, you will receive a “Welcome to Medicare” kit about three months before turning 65. It will include instructions on how to decline enrollment in Part A, Part B, or both if you don’t yet want to begin your Medicare journey.
Medicare Eligibility by Birth Year
Birth Year | Year Eligible for Medicare |
---|---|
1956 | 2021 |
1957 | 2022 |
1958 | 2023 |
1959 | 2024 |
1960 | 2025 |
1961 | 2026 |
1962 | 2027 |
1963 | 2028 |
1964 | 2029 |
1965 | 2030 |
Medicare Eligibility by Age
Birth Year | Year Eligible for Medicare |
---|---|
65 | 2021 |
64 | 2022 |
63 | 2023 |
62 | 2024 |
61 | 2025 |
60 | 2026 |
59 | 2027 |
58 | 2028 |
57 | 2029 |
56 | 2030 |
Is Medicare Free at Age 65?
While Medicare Part B has a standard monthly premium, 99 out of 100 people don’t have to pay a premium for Medicare Part A. Still, no part of Medicare can genuinely be called “free” because of associated costs you have to pay, like deductibles, coinsurance and copays.
How Much Does Medicare Cost at Age 65?
The standard premium for Part B modestly increases year over year. Part A costs also can increase, including the annual deductible and other coinsurance. Known as “hospital insurance,” Part A doesn’t require a monthly premium as long as you have paid Medicare taxes through employment for at least 10 years.
Part B, known as “medical insurance,” typically pays 80% of the covered cost while you pay the deductible and then 20%.
Can You Get on Medicare at Age 62?
No, but while the standard age of eligibility remains 65, some call for lowering it. In a recent GoHealth survey, among respondents age 55 and older who weren’t on Medicare and had heard about proposals to lower the age of eligibility, 64% favored lowering the age.
Can I Get Medicare at 55?
While 65 has always been Medicare’s magic number, there are a few situations where the Medicare age limit doesn’t apply, and you may be able to get Medicare before 65.
- You qualify for Medicare regardless of age once you have received Social Security Disability benefits for 24 months.
- You also qualify if you have end-stage renal disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
While some specific circumstances can impact at what age you are eligible for Medicare, most people must wait until 65 as things currently stand.
Full Retirement Age by Year - What to Know
Full retirement age is the age you begin to receive full Social Security benefits. If you start to draw your Social Security benefits before reaching your full retirement age, the payment you receive will be less.
An easy way to think about full benefits and retirement age is this,
- Social Security will reduce your payments if you choose to receive your benefit before full retirement age. The percentage of reduced amount is highest at age 62 and decreases until you reach full retirement age.
- If you choose to receive Social Security payments when you reach full retirement, you will get the total amount.
- Suppose you choose not to receive Social Security payments when you reach full retirement and delay your benefit. In that case, you can increase the amount of your payment by earning delayed retirement credits.
If you’re not sure when you reach full retirement age, our table provides the years and months you need to know for full retirement.
The age 65 is often synonymous with getting Social Security and Medicare benefits. But the age at which a person’s Medicare benefits begin can differ based on a number of circumstances. So, when does Medicare start?
For most people, Medicare coverage begins on the first day of the month that you turn 65 years old.
For example, if you turn 65 on July 14, your Medicare benefits start on July 1. If your birthday happens to be on the first of the month, your coverage begins on the first day of the month before your birthday.
Some people choose to delay their Medicare benefits after age 65, however, while other people may qualify for Medicare before 65 because of a disability, meaning they qualify for Medicare before age 65.
Below we’ll outline Medicare at age 65, Medicare before age 65 and Medicare after age 65 so that you can better understand how and when your Medicare benefits may begin.
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Do I Automatically Get Medicare When I Turn 65?
Medicare automatically starts for many people on the first day of the month they turn 65 years old. In order to qualify for Medicare when you turn 65, you must meet each of the following Medicare eligibility requirements:
- You are a U.S. citizen or permanent legal resident alien who has lived in the U.S. for at least five years.
- You are receiving Social Security retirement benefits or Railroad Retirement Board retirement benefits, or you’re eligible to receive either of these benefits but have not yet begun collecting them.
- You are 65 years old.
Can I Get Medicare Before Age 65?
You may qualify for Medicare benefits as young as age 20 if any of the following events occur:
- You have collected Social Security disability benefits for at least 24 months. If you qualify for Medicare through disability benefits paid by Social Security or the Railroad Retirement Board, your coverage will begin on the first day of your 25th month of disability benefits.
This means that once you receive disability benefits for 24 months, you qualify for Medicare to start on the first day of the following month. - You receive a disability pension from the Railroad Retirement Board.
- You have ALS (Lou Gehrig’s disease). If you qualify for Medicare because you’re diagnosed with ALS, your coverage will begin the same month your disability benefits begin.
- You have permanent kidney failure that requires regular dialysis or a kidney transplant and you have paid Social Security taxes for a specified period based on your age.
If you qualify for Medicare because of kidney failure, your benefits will usually begin on the first day of the fourth month of your dialysis treatments.
Medicare After Age 65: When Do You Have to Apply for Medicare?
Some people choose not to start Medicare until after age 65. This can typically happen for one of two reasons.
1. You Don’t Qualify for Premium-Free Part A
In order to qualify for premium-free Part A of Medicare (which covers hospital insurance), you must work and pay Medicare taxes for at least 40 quarters (10 years).
If you have not paid at least 40 quarters-worth of Medicare taxes by age 65, you will have to pay a monthly premium for your Part A benefits.
Some beneficiaries who do not qualify for premium-free Part A may choose to continue working past 65 in order to reach their required 40 quarters of Medicare taxes and therefore avoid paying the Part A premium once they do enroll in Medicare.
2. You Aren’t Collecting Social Security Retirement Benefits Yet
Many people choose to delay collecting Social Security retirement benefits until they can retire at the full retirement age and collect the maximum Social Security benefit amount.
If you aren’t yet collecting Social Security retirement benefits, you won’t be automatically enrolled in Medicare. You may still receive your Medicare benefits, but you will not be automatically enrolled and must take the steps to manually sign up for Medicare.
For some people, Medicare coverage does not start at age 65 because they are not yet collecting Social Security and are either unaware they had to manually sign up or because they have continued to work and remain enrolled in their employer’s health insurance.
What Month Does Medicare Part B Start?
The dates and scenarios above apply to Medicare Part A. The other half of Original Medicare is Part B, which covers outpatient health care services, durable medical equipment and doctor’s office services.
Part B can start at the same time as Medicare Part A if you sign up for it prior to the month you turn 65.
If you’re automatically enrolled in Medicare at 65, you will typically be automatically enrolled in Part A and Part B. Since Part B is optional, you can choose to disenroll from Medicare Part B after age 65 if you desire, though it isn’t typically recommended.
If you do not enroll in Part B before the month you turn 65 and you aren’t automatically enrolled, you typically must sign up during the Medicare General Enrollment Period at the start of the new year, and your Part B coverage will not begin until July 1.
You may potentially qualify for a Medicare Special Enrollment Period to sign up for Part B if you aren’t automatically enrolled at age 65.
If you plan on keeping your employer-provided health insurance coverage when you turn 65, you should make sure you carefully review your Medicare enrollment options so that you don’t potentially face a Part B late enrollment penalty or any lapse in coverage.
When Do Private Medicare Plans Start?
For private Medicare plans, the starting date of your coverage may vary depending on the type of plan you have and when you enrolled.
If you apply for a new Medicare Advantage plan (also called Medicare Part C) or Medicare Part D prescription drug plan – or if you switch from one MA plan or Part D plan to another – during the Fall Medicare Open Enrollment Period (also called the Annual Election Period) that takes place each October 15 to December 7, your plan benefits start on January 1 of the following year.
You could potentially qualify for a Special Enrollment Period for either a Medicare Advantage plan or Medicare Part D plan at any point in the year, depending on your situation. When your Special Enrollment Period takes place may determine when your Medicare Advantage plan or Part D plan may start.
Benefits for Medicare Supplement Insurance plans, also called Medigap, begin on the same day as your Original Medicare coverage, if you sign up prior to the month you turn 65.
If you wait until your birthday month or later to enroll, your coverage would typically begin on the first day of the following month. You should be mindful, however, of your Medigap Open Enrollment period, which is in effect during the first 6 months that you are at least 65 years old and enrolled in Medicare Part B.
Medicare enrollment periods and coverage effective dates can be complex and my be unique to your specific circumstances. Call 1-800-MEDICARE (1-800-633-4227) for any questions related to your Medicare eligibility, enrollment process or coverage start date.
You may also be able to speak with a representative from your State Health Insurance Plans (SHIP) organization who can help you get started with Medicare.